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Financial Statements
Financial Statements

6. Scope of consolidation

6.1 Changes in the scope of consolidation
6.2 Business combinations and other acquisitions
6.3 Divestitures and discontinued operations
The consolidated financial statements include all subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates. Subsidiaries are those companies in which Bayer AG directly or indirectly has a majority of the voting rights or from which it is able to derive the greater part of the economic benefit and bears the greater part of the risk by virtue of its power to govern corporate financial and operating policies, generally through an ownership interest of more than 50 percent. Inclusion of such companies’ accounts in the consolidated financial statements begins when Bayer AG starts to exercise control over the company and ceases when it is no longer able to do so.
 
Joint ventures are companies over which the Bayer Group exercises joint control with a third party. Voting rights are normally divided equally between the two parties or on the basis of a joint venture agreement.
 
Associates in which Bayer AG exerts significant influence, generally through an ownership interest between 20 and 50 percent, are accounted for by the equity method.
 
Subsidiaries that do not have a material impact on the Group’s net worth, financial position or earnings, either individually or in aggregate, are not consolidated.

6.1 Changes in the scope of consolidation

 GermanyOther countries Total
Bayer AG and consolidated companies   
December 31, 200690342432
Changes in the scope of consolidation(9)(19)(28)
Additions-44
Retirements(21)(61)(82)
December 31, 200760266326
Companies included at equity (associates)   
December 31, 2006156
Changes in the scope of consolidation---
Additions---
Retirements(1)-(1)
December 31, 2007-55
The decrease in the number of fully consolidated companies in 2007 is primarily due to mergers between Group companies in the course of the integration of the Schering group and to the divestitures of H.C. Starck and Wolff Walsrode.
 
Five joint ventures – the same number as in the previous year – are included by proportionate consolidation in compliance with IAS 31 (Interests in Joint Ventures).
 
The effect of joint ventures on the Group balance sheet and income statement is as follows:
 2007
€ million  
Current assets22
Noncurrent assets54
Current liabilities(30)
Noncurrent liabilities(13)
Net assets33
 
 2007
€ million  
Income97
Expenses(69)
11
11
Income after taxes28
Excluded from consolidation are 115 subsidiaries and 39 associates that in aggregate are immaterial to the net worth, financial position and earnings of the Bayer Group and are recognized at cost of acquisition less any impairments. These companies account for less than 0.4 percent of Group sales, less than 0.7 percent of stockholders’ equity and less than 0.4 percent of total assets.
 
A list of Bayer AG’s direct and indirect holdings is published in the electronic version of the German Federal Gazette. It is also available directly from Bayer AG on request.
 
The principal companies consolidated in the financial statements are listed in the following table:
Company Name and Place of BusinessBayer’s interest
% 
Germany 
Bayer Business Services GmbH, Leverkusen100
Bayer CropScience AG, Monheim100
Bayer CropScience Deutschland GmbH, Langenfeld100
Bayer HealthCare AG, Leverkusen100
Bayer MaterialScience AG, Leverkusen100
Bayer Schering GmbH, Leverkusen100
Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin96.3
Bayer Technology Services GmbH, Leverkusen100
Bayer Vital GmbH, Leverkusen100
Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG
(formerly Bayer Industry Services GmbH & Co. OHG), Leverkusen
60
Other European countries 
Bayer Antwerpen Comm.V, Belgium 100
Bayer Biologicals S.r.l., Italy 100
Bayer B.V., Netherlands 100
Bayer Consumer Care AG, Switzerland 100
Bayer CropScience France S.A.S., France 100
Bayer CropScience S.A., France 100
Bayer International S.A., Switzerland100
Bayer Santé S.A.S., France100
Bayer Polyurethanes B.V., Netherlands100
Bayer Public Limited Company, U.K. 100
Bayer Schering Pharma Oy, Finland100
Bayer S.p.A., Italy100
Química Farmacéutica Bayer S.L., Spain 100
North America 
Bayer Corporate and Business Services LLC, U.S.A.100
Bayer Corporation, U.S.A.100
Bayer CropScience Inc., Canada100
Bayer CropScience LP, U.S.A.100
Bayer HealthCare LLC, U.S.A.100
Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., U.S.A.100
Bayer Inc., Canada100
Bayer MaterialScience LLC, U.S.A.100
Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation, U.S.A.100
BAYPO Limited Partnership, U.S.A.100
Medrad Inc., U.S.A.100
Asia/Pacific 
Bayer Australia Limited, Australia100
Bayer HealthCare Co. Ltd., China100
Bayer MaterialScience Limited, Hong Kong100
Bayer MaterialScience Trading (Shanghai) Company Limited, China100
Bayer Polymers Shanghai Co. Ltd., China90
Bayer Thai Company Limited, Thailand100
Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., Japan100
Latin America /Africa/Middle East  
Bayer (Proprietary) Limited, South Africa 100
Bayer de México, S.A. de C.V., Mexico100
Bayer S.A., Argentina100
Bayer S.A., Brazil100
Bayer Türk Kimya Sanayi Limited Sirketi, Turkey100
Also included in the consolidated financial statements are the following associates, which are accounted for by the equity method:
Company Name and Place of BusinessBayer’s interest
% 
DIC Bayer Polymer Ltd., Japan50
Lyondell Bayer Manufacturing Maasvlakte VOF, Netherlands 50
Palthough Industries (1998) Ltd., Israel25
PO JV, LP, U.S.A.44.1
Polygal Plastics Industries Ltd., Israel25.8
The following domestic subsidiaries availed themselves in 2007 of certain exemptions granted under Sections 264, paragraph 3 and 264 b of the German Commercial Code regarding the preparation, auditing and publication of financial statements:
Company NamePlace of Business
Bayer 04 Immobilien GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer 04 Leverkusen Fußball GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer 04 Marketing GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer 04 Mobilien GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer Beteiligungsverwaltungsgesellschaft mbHLeverkusen
Bayer Bitterfeld GmbHBitterfeld
Bayer Business Services GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer Chemicals AGLeverkusen
Bayer CropScience AGMonheim
Bayer Direct Services GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer Gastronomie GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer Gesellschaft für Beteiligungen mbHLeverkusen
Bayer HealthCare AGLeverkusen
Bayer Innovation GmbHDüsseldorf
Bayer-Kaufhaus GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer MaterialScience AGLeverkusen
Bayer MaterialScience Customer Services GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer Real Estate GmbH
(formerly GeWoGe Gesellschaft für Wohnen und Gebäudemanagement mbH)
Leverkusen
Bayer Schering GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer Technology Services GmbHLeverkusen
Bayer Vital GmbHLeverkusen
Bayfin GmbHLeverkusen
BerliServe Professional Services GmbHBerlin
Chemion Logistik GmbHLeverkusen
Currenta GmbH & Co. OHG (formerly Bayer Industry Services GmbH & Co. OHG)Leverkusen
Drugofa GmbHCologne
Dynevo GmbHLeverkusen
EPUREX Films GmbH & Co. KGBomlitz
Erste K-W-A Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbHLeverkusen
Euroservices Bayer GmbHLeverkusen
Generics Holding GmbHLeverkusen
GP Grenzach Produktions GmbHGrenzach
ICON Genetics GmbHMunich
Intendis GmbHBerlin
Intendis Dermatologie GmbHBerlin
Jenapharm GmbH & Co. KGJena
Kosinus Grundstücks-Verwaltungs-Gesellschaft mbH & Gamma OHGBerlin
KVP Pharma+Veterinär-Produkte GmbHKiel
LYTTRON Technology GmbHLeverkusen
Marotrast GmbHJena
Menadier Heilmittel GmbHHamburg
Pharma Verlagsbuchhandlung GmbHBerlin
Schering AGBerlin
Schering GmbH und Co. Produktions KGWeimar
Schering International Holding GmbHBerlin
Schering Kahlbaum GmbHBerlin
Sportrechte Vermarktungs- und Verwertungs-GmbH & Co. OHGLeverkusen
TravelBoard GmbH Leverkusen
Zweite K-W-A Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbHLeverkusen

6.2 Business combinations and other acquisitions

Acquisitions are accounted for by the purchase method in accordance with IFRS 3 (Business Combinations), the results of the acquired businesses therefore being included in the consolidated financial statements as from the respective dates of acquisition. The purchase prices of acquisitions of companies domiciled outside the euro zone are translated at the exchange rates in effect at the respective dates of acquisition.
 
Acquisition costs in 2007 amounted to €482 million. The purchase prices of the acquired companies or businesses were settled in cash. Goodwill arising on these acquisitions totaled €210 million.
 
In June 2006, the wholly owned subsidiary Bayer Schering GmbH acquired a majority interest in Bayer Schering Pharma AG (at that time known as Schering AG), Berlin, Germany, which was included in full effective June 23, 2006 in the consolidated financial statements of the Bayer Group. As of December 31, 2007, Bayer Schering GmbH held 96.32 percent of the shares in Bayer Schering Pharma AG. The purchase price allocation has been completed and is virtually unchanged compared with December 31, 2006.
 
On May 31, 2007, Bayer CropScience signed an agreement to acquire the U.S. cotton seed producer Stoneville Pedigreed Seed Company from Monsanto for the preliminary purchase price of US$ 314 million (€232 million) including ancillary acquisition costs. This company was included in full effective June 1, 2007 in the consolidated financial statements of the Bayer Group. The goodwill remaining after the purchase price allocation is mainly attributable to technology and distribution synergies. The acquisition strengthens the position of Bayer’s BioScience business unit in the U.S. cotton seed market.
 
On July 1, 2007, Bayer MaterialScience completed the acquisition of the Ure-Tech Group of Taiwan, the largest producer of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) in the Asia/Pacific region, for US$ 85 million (€63 million).
 
Bayer HealthCare completed the announced acquisition of a biologics production facility in Emeryville, California, from Novartis. Bayer HealthCare will continue the production of infoBetaferon®/infoBetaseron® in Emeryville and is taking over the entire manufacturing and process technology and the facility’s employees. Novartis has received about US$ 183 million (€137 million) for the acquisition of the production facility, including the Biologics License Application (BLA), the transfer of the related equipment and inventories, and the leasing of certain buildings.
 
The effects of these and other, smaller acquisitions on the Group’s assets and liabilities as of the respective acquisition dates are shown in the table. Including acquired cash and cash equivalents, they resulted in the following net cash outflow:
 Net carrying
amount at
the date of
first-time
consolida-
tion
Fair-value
adjustment
Net carrying
amount
after the
acquisition
€ million    
Acquired assets and assumed liabilities   
Goodwill6204210
Other intangible assets 9089179
Property, plant and equipment511869
Other noncurrent assets5-5
Inventories83(14)69
Other current assets32(1)31
Cash and cash equivalents1-1
Provisions for pensions and other post-employment benefits-(4)(4)
Other provisions-(17)(17)
Financial liabilities-(6)(6)
Other liabilities(31)(7)(38)
Deferred taxes-(1)(1)
Net assets237261498
Minority interests--(16)
Purchase prices--482
   of which ancillary acquisition costs--4
Acquired cash and cash equivalents --1
Net cash outflow for the acquisitions--481

6.3 Divestitures and discontinued operations

Proceeds from divestitures in 2007 amounted to €5,421 million. The principal divestitures were as follows:
 
Diagnostics business 
On June 29, 2006, Bayer AG concluded an agreement with Siemens AG for the latter to acquire the diagnostics business. The Bayer Group sold this business of Bayer HealthCare to Siemens AG, Munich, in January 2007 for €4.3 billion. Transfer of the business to the acquirer was completed on January 2, 2007. An initial payment of €0.4 billion had already been received at the end of 2006.
 
H.C. Starck 
On November 23, 2006, an agreement was concluded to divest the activities of the H.C. Starck Group, formerly assigned to the Materials segment, to a consortium of two financial investors, Advent International and The Carlyle Group, for a purchase price of €1.2 billion less the assumption of some €0.3 billion in financial liabilities and €0.2 billion in pension obligations. Closing of the transaction took place on February 1, 2007.
 
Wolff Walsrode 
An agreement was signed on December 18, 2006 to sell the companies of the Wolff Walsrode Group, which operates principally in the field of cellulose chemistry, to The Dow Chemical Company, U.S.A., for a purchase price of €0.5 billion less the assumption of financial liabilities and pension obligations totaling about €0.1 billion. Wolff Walsrode also was formerly assigned to the Materials segment. Following approval of the transaction by the antitrust authorities, closing took place on June 30, 2007.
 
The effects of these and other, smaller divestitures on the Group’s assets and liabilities as of the respective divestiture dates were as follows:
 2007
€ million  
Divested assets and liabilities 
Goodwill36
Other intangible assets382
Property, plant and equipment884
Other financial assets85
Inventories800
Other current assets1,039
Cash and cash equivalents219
Pension and other post-employment benefits(307)
Other provisions(184)
Financial liabilities(403)
Other liabilities(579)
Net assets1,972
The effects of these and other, smaller divestitures recognized in other operating income and expenses on Group earnings were as follows:
 2007
€ million  
Divestiture proceeds5,421
- Net assets1,972
- Divestiture costs80
- Other adjustments213
Net gain from the divestitures (before taxes)3,156
Discontinued operations
The diagnostics activities, H.C. Starck and Wolff Walsrode are recognized as discontinued operations in 2007. The corresponding information is provided from the standpoint of the Bayer Group and is not intended as a separate presentation of the divested activities.
 
A breakdown of the results of discontinued operations is given below:
 DiagnosticsH.C. StarckWolff WalsrodeTotal
€ million 20062007200620072006200720062007
Net sales1,5260985743341722,845246
Cost of goods sold(660)0(806)(51)(233)(109)(1,699)(160)
Selling expenses(394)(1)(51)(4)(45)(22)(490)(27)
Research and development expenses(124)0(28)(2)(8)(4)(160)(6)
General administration expenses(94)(1)(32)(2)(19)(9)(145)(12)
Other operating income (expenses) - net(51)2,821(13)9011246(53)3,157
Operating result (EBIT)2032,81955105402742983,198
Non-operating result(1)0(5)(1)(7)(3)(13)(4)
Income before income taxes2022,81950104332712853,194
Income taxes(85)(766)(18)(5)(13)(13)(116)(784)
Income after taxes1172,0533299202581692,410
   of which:        
   Current income (loss) (before taxes)202(16)5011332628521
   Income taxes(85)4(18)(3)(13)(7)(116)(6)
   Current income (loss) (after taxes)117(12)328201916915
   Income from the divestitures
   (before taxes)
-2,835-93-245-3,173
   Income taxes-(770)-(2)-(6)-(778)
   Income from the divestitures
   (after taxes)
-2,065-91-239-2,395
Divestitures of discontinued operations in 2007 resulted in the following cash flows:
 2007
€ million  
Divestiture proceeds5,415
Prepayments and outstanding payments(400)
Divestiture costs(76)
Divested cash and financial loans186
Tax payments(443)
Other cash flows(34)
Net cash inflow from the divestitures4,648
The separate asset and liability line items in the balance sheet reflect the following amounts pertaining to the discontinued operations as of December 31:
 
DiagnosticsH.C. StarckWolff WalsrodeTotal
€ million 20062007200620072006200720062007
Noncurrent assets822-391-214-1,427-
Goodwill and other intangible assets 383-33-8-424-
Property, plant and equipment356-300-194-850-
Other noncurrent assets42-15-2-59-
Deferred taxes41-43-10-94-
Current assets70076676-12281,49884
Inventories235-506-61-802-
Trade accounts receivable422-162-53-637-
Other current assets43768-885984
Assets held for sale and discontinued operations1,522761,067-33682,92584
Noncurrent liabilities33-233-115-381-
Provisions for pensions and other post-
employment benefits
26-182-89-297-
Other provisions--30-7-37-
Financial liabilities--------
Other noncurrent liabilities--------
Deferred taxes7-21-19-47-
Current liabilities299176125-43-467176
Other provisions10012920-11-131129
Financial liabilities--58-8-66-
Trade accounts payable74-29-16-119-
Other current liabilities1254718-8-15147
Liabilities directly related to assets held for sale and discontinued operations332176358-158-848176
Discontinued operations affected the Group cash flow statements as follows:
 DiagnosticsH.C. StarckWolff WalsrodeTotal
€ million 20062007200620072006200720062007
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities154(34)782343132752
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(107)3,292(55)927(17)429(179)4,648
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(47)(3,258)(23)(950)(26)(442)(96)(4,650)
Change in cash and cash equivalents00000000
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